A1.2 · 21 of 36

Imperativ

Lesson · 4 rules · about 5 min

Tell a friend, a group or a stranger what to do — Komm!, Kommt!, Kommen Sie! — and sound right to each of them.

  1. 1du: stem only, no pronoun
  2. 2ihr: the ihr-form, no pronoun
  3. 3Sie: infinitive + Sie
  4. 4sein and haben
Why this matters

The imperative gives instructions and requests, and German has three of them because it has three ways of saying 'you'. To one friend (du): the verb stem with no ending and no pronoun — Komm! Mach das! Warte! — and the vowel-change verbs keep their change: Nimm! Iss! Lies! Sprich! (but no umlaut: Fahr! Schlaf!). To several friends (ihr): the ihr-form of the verb, again without the pronoun — Kommt! Macht! Esst! Formally (Sie): the infinitive followed by Sie — Kommen Sie! Nehmen Sie Platz! You need all three forms from the start, because signs, recipes, teachers and shop assistants use them all day. A bitte makes any of them polite. In the Sie items the Sie is already in the sentence — type only the verb.

Question 1 of 10 · eins
eins1zwei2drei3vier4fünf5sechs6sieben7acht8neun9zehn10

du

bitte her, Tom! (kommen)

Come here, please, Tom!